Not sure if you want this theory to integrate into Jungian typology but it would be nicer if the 4 types ( Hunters, Gatherers, Pastorals, Farmers) would map into 4 time orientations instead of 3. Currently Hunters and Gatherers are fit into the same future time orientation. I can see the limit in segmenting a linear timeline into 3 common divisions of (Past, Present, Future). So I wonder if by design we can come up with another orientation.
For example let's consider "Cyclic vs Sequential" comprehension of time. Think of a circle vs line. One is a recurring closed loop and the other an open ended sequence. Farmers and pastorals have a cyclic perception of time, whereas Hunters and Gatherers perceive time sequentially. Because farmers and pastorals have to take into consideration seasons, harvest, renewal of resources, life and birth cycle of the farm animals, etc. Hunters and Gatherers are assumed to live in shorter time spans and continuously migrate into new lands, although in practice they too probably traveled back and forth between known territories. Maybe instead of Cyclic vs Linear, we can think of them as long vs short Orbits or feedback loops. Farmers live in annual time orbits, Hunters in daily orbits. Applying it to today's civilization, we have individuals working in fields like construction or investment that are mentally tuned to perceive time in longer terms and cycles, versus first correspondence who are very tuned to short loops. Interestingly a field like Sales can force individuals to shift their time perception. Some sales persons are used to short sprints and others are used to long marathons. Shifting.between sales professions often requires such time perception adjustments.
What I am trying to achieve here is to translate the above into cognitive functions. For example:
Farmers: (SiFe NeTi).
Farming demanded organizing social communities and refining the known (SiFe). As a byproduct humans got the privilege to engage in NeTi. For example discovering math, exploring art, inventing machinery, etc.
Pastorals: (SiTe NeFi).
Domestication meant creating external order and putting life stocks to work (SiTe). As a byproduct we got to make clothes, accessories, wardrobes that led to exploring individual identities. e.g. a tribe member wearing a wolf leather vs one decorated with bear claws.
Hunters: (SeTi NiFe).
Hunting was a sensory heavy activity that demanded invention of tools and studying the environment (SeTi). As a byproduct individuals had to form cooperations and use their instincts to hunt more effectively.
Gatherers: (SeFi NiTe).
Gathering was also a sensory activity backed by internal judgements of what to eat or not. Individuals relied on their subjective judgements, likes, dislikes. (SeFi) As a byproduct they evolved their instincts to identify the foods and avoid poisons (Ni). Also gathering required the tribe to put things in order to ensure that the resources are organized and distributed effectively. For example to cope with winters or famines.
I sort of cheated and tried to fit the functions into the categories. But some of them makes sense. Some Jungian typologies believe that MBTI's limitations to pair functions with opposing attitudes (Extroversion / Introversion) is forced and has no empirical support. Meaning we can have a XeYe or XiYi so there is no need to limit the pairs to XeYi or XiYe only.
Also, I wonder if Hunters & Gatherers can fit into the same group. So then the challenge is to come up with the 4th group. Again the obsession with the number 4 here comes from the design decision to integrate this with Jungian typology. The number should be a power of 2 = { 2, 4, 8, 16}. Number 3 makes it hard to create symmetrical definition.
I came to ask this same question and love your breakdown. Gatherers would need attention to detail such as the minor differences in color and shape between poisonous/non-poisonous foods. They would also need to have patience and be comfortable with tedious tasks, repetitive tasks—something that maybe a hunter (or sensory seeking) type would get too bored with. I wonder which functions these traits would serve?
"Gatherers would need attention to detail such as the minor differences in color and shape between poisonous/non-poisonous foods." - This is Se for noticing and Si for remembering the details and differences.
"They would also need to have patience and be comfortable with tedious tasks, repetitive tasks" - In hunter-gatherer groups the tasks are rarely repetitive and tedious as Gatherers venture out to gather food from the proximity of their camp and their environment is constantly shifting due to their nomadic lifestyle.
While Gatherers don't use them as their primary functions, Se/Si are used by Hunter-Gatherers as third/fourth functions to notice and remember details. Nevertheless, having Ne/Ne as their unifying primary functions, both Hunters and Gatherers are still highly intuitive and thus pattern-seeking (plant seasons, animal movements etc.) and future-focused.
The main difference between Hunters and Gatherers is in their focus on provisioning vs caregiving: Gatherers use Fi/Fe as their primary functions which makes them caregiving and focused on childrearing, caring for the elderly and overall community. In contrast, Hunters use Ti/Te as their primary functions which makes them focused on provisioning, resourcefulness and problem-solving.
So overall, their unifying function is intuition (N) and their complementary differences arise from caregiving/provisioning traits (F/T).
Correlating type times to Jungian typology, we could associate "past" (Farmers) to Si, which is cognitive function used primarily by SJ types, "present" (Pastoralists) could be associated with Se, used primarily by SP types, and "past (Hunters and Gatherers) could be associated with N, primarily used by NT/NF types. So Si users are focused on "what was", Se users are focused on "what is", and N users are focused on "what could be". The focus in future possibilities/metaphysics is common to all intuitive types (N users), which is why NT and NF types have the same time type (future). So as a recap: Farmers = SJ, Pastoralists = SP, Hunter/Gatherers = NT/NF.
Not sure if you want this theory to integrate into Jungian typology but it would be nicer if the 4 types ( Hunters, Gatherers, Pastorals, Farmers) would map into 4 time orientations instead of 3. Currently Hunters and Gatherers are fit into the same future time orientation. I can see the limit in segmenting a linear timeline into 3 common divisions of (Past, Present, Future). So I wonder if by design we can come up with another orientation.
For example let's consider "Cyclic vs Sequential" comprehension of time. Think of a circle vs line. One is a recurring closed loop and the other an open ended sequence. Farmers and pastorals have a cyclic perception of time, whereas Hunters and Gatherers perceive time sequentially. Because farmers and pastorals have to take into consideration seasons, harvest, renewal of resources, life and birth cycle of the farm animals, etc. Hunters and Gatherers are assumed to live in shorter time spans and continuously migrate into new lands, although in practice they too probably traveled back and forth between known territories. Maybe instead of Cyclic vs Linear, we can think of them as long vs short Orbits or feedback loops. Farmers live in annual time orbits, Hunters in daily orbits. Applying it to today's civilization, we have individuals working in fields like construction or investment that are mentally tuned to perceive time in longer terms and cycles, versus first correspondence who are very tuned to short loops. Interestingly a field like Sales can force individuals to shift their time perception. Some sales persons are used to short sprints and others are used to long marathons. Shifting.between sales professions often requires such time perception adjustments.
What I am trying to achieve here is to translate the above into cognitive functions. For example:
Farmers: (SiFe NeTi).
Farming demanded organizing social communities and refining the known (SiFe). As a byproduct humans got the privilege to engage in NeTi. For example discovering math, exploring art, inventing machinery, etc.
Pastorals: (SiTe NeFi).
Domestication meant creating external order and putting life stocks to work (SiTe). As a byproduct we got to make clothes, accessories, wardrobes that led to exploring individual identities. e.g. a tribe member wearing a wolf leather vs one decorated with bear claws.
Hunters: (SeTi NiFe).
Hunting was a sensory heavy activity that demanded invention of tools and studying the environment (SeTi). As a byproduct individuals had to form cooperations and use their instincts to hunt more effectively.
Gatherers: (SeFi NiTe).
Gathering was also a sensory activity backed by internal judgements of what to eat or not. Individuals relied on their subjective judgements, likes, dislikes. (SeFi) As a byproduct they evolved their instincts to identify the foods and avoid poisons (Ni). Also gathering required the tribe to put things in order to ensure that the resources are organized and distributed effectively. For example to cope with winters or famines.
I sort of cheated and tried to fit the functions into the categories. But some of them makes sense. Some Jungian typologies believe that MBTI's limitations to pair functions with opposing attitudes (Extroversion / Introversion) is forced and has no empirical support. Meaning we can have a XeYe or XiYi so there is no need to limit the pairs to XeYi or XiYe only.
Also, I wonder if Hunters & Gatherers can fit into the same group. So then the challenge is to come up with the 4th group. Again the obsession with the number 4 here comes from the design decision to integrate this with Jungian typology. The number should be a power of 2 = { 2, 4, 8, 16}. Number 3 makes it hard to create symmetrical definition.
I came to ask this same question and love your breakdown. Gatherers would need attention to detail such as the minor differences in color and shape between poisonous/non-poisonous foods. They would also need to have patience and be comfortable with tedious tasks, repetitive tasks—something that maybe a hunter (or sensory seeking) type would get too bored with. I wonder which functions these traits would serve?
"Gatherers would need attention to detail such as the minor differences in color and shape between poisonous/non-poisonous foods." - This is Se for noticing and Si for remembering the details and differences.
"They would also need to have patience and be comfortable with tedious tasks, repetitive tasks" - In hunter-gatherer groups the tasks are rarely repetitive and tedious as Gatherers venture out to gather food from the proximity of their camp and their environment is constantly shifting due to their nomadic lifestyle.
While Gatherers don't use them as their primary functions, Se/Si are used by Hunter-Gatherers as third/fourth functions to notice and remember details. Nevertheless, having Ne/Ne as their unifying primary functions, both Hunters and Gatherers are still highly intuitive and thus pattern-seeking (plant seasons, animal movements etc.) and future-focused.
The main difference between Hunters and Gatherers is in their focus on provisioning vs caregiving: Gatherers use Fi/Fe as their primary functions which makes them caregiving and focused on childrearing, caring for the elderly and overall community. In contrast, Hunters use Ti/Te as their primary functions which makes them focused on provisioning, resourcefulness and problem-solving.
So overall, their unifying function is intuition (N) and their complementary differences arise from caregiving/provisioning traits (F/T).
Ah I see. Fascinating, thank you!
Correlating type times to Jungian typology, we could associate "past" (Farmers) to Si, which is cognitive function used primarily by SJ types, "present" (Pastoralists) could be associated with Se, used primarily by SP types, and "past (Hunters and Gatherers) could be associated with N, primarily used by NT/NF types. So Si users are focused on "what was", Se users are focused on "what is", and N users are focused on "what could be". The focus in future possibilities/metaphysics is common to all intuitive types (N users), which is why NT and NF types have the same time type (future). So as a recap: Farmers = SJ, Pastoralists = SP, Hunter/Gatherers = NT/NF.